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Early Photography in Albania

 
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The Photo Collection
of Hugo Grothe
Deutsch | Shqip

Albania, Montenegro and Macedonia
in 1902 – 1912

The German scholar, geographer, Orientalist and writer, Albert Louis Hugo Grothe (1869-1954), was born in Magdeburg and spent part of his childhood in the Balkans. After studies at six different universities, he finished a doctorate in law in Rostock and another doctorate in geography and ethnology in Würzburg in 1902. Hugo Grothe’s father was a financier involved in the construction of the German-promoted Baghdad Railway and it is perhaps for this reason that he spent much of his time from 1896-1912 travelling in the Ottoman Empire and the Islamic world, in particular as a foreign correspondent for the newspaper Kölnische Zeitung. In 1900 Grothe founded the Oriental Society (Orientalische Gesellschaft) in Munich, and was involved in the creation of numerous other cultural associations, such as the German Cultural Society (Deutsche Kulturpolitische Gesellschaft) and its Institute for Foreign Studies and Germans Abroad (Institut für Auslandskunde und Auslandsdeutschtum) that was inaugurated in November 1918, and much later, in 1948, the Institute for Foreign Studies and Cultural Research (Institut für Auslandskunde und Kulturwissenschaft) in Starnberg, where he died.

Grothe1902.139: Shkodra, in the Muslim neighbourhood (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1902). Grothe1902.147: Skopje, roads along the Vardar River (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1902). Grothe1902.152: Shkodra, road through the gardens in the western part of town (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1902). Grothe1902.155: Serbian church in Lipjan, Kosovo (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1902). Grothe1902.158: Country well in Lipjan, Kosovo (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1902). Grothe1902.161: Market square in Köprülü [Veles, Macedonia] on the Vardar River (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1902). Grothe1902.162: View of Skopje with the bridge over the Vardar River and the fortress (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1902). Grothe1902.194: Albanian from the upper Shkumbin valley (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1902). Grothe1902.200: Jakub Agha brothers in Elbasan (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1902). Grothe1902.204: Street in Elbasan (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1902). Grothe1902.208: Ali Djami mosque in Elbasan (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1902). Grothe1902.211: Roadwork in the Shkumbin valley, 15 km below Elbasan (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1902). Grothe1902.215: Women fetching water at a farm in the Shkumbin valley (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1902). Grothe1902.221: View of Durrës and the bay, taken from the citadel (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1902). Grothe1902.222: Remnants of a Venetian tower at Peqin on the road between Durrës and Elbasan (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1902). Grothe1912.052: Albanian Highland women in the streets of Podgorica, Montenegro (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1912). Grothe1912.054: Albanian Highland fighters with the Montenegrin Army (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1912). Grothe1912.057: Albanian Highland bajraktar of the Shkreli tribe (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1912). Grothe1912.058: Albanian Highland leaders seated in front of Montenegrin Prince Mirko at a military camp in Koplik north of Shkodra (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1912). Grothe1912.064: Podgorica in Montenegro. View from the new town of the old Muslim quarter (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1912). Grothe1912.065: Rijeka Crnojevica, Montenegro, and its bridge on Lake Shkodra (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1912). Grothe1912.066: Montenegrin army advancing along the eastern bank of Lake Shkodra (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1912). Grothe1912.068: The beach at Bar [Antivari] in Montenegro (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1912). Grothe1912.073: Road to the port at Pristan in Bar, Montenegro (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1912). Grothe1912.076: Little fishing port of Virpazar, Montenegro, on Lake Shkodra (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1912). Grothe1912.079: Street in Virpazar, Montenegro (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1912). Grothe1912.094: Streetscene in Stari Bar [Old Antivari], Montenegro (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1912). Grothe1912.095: Houses in Stari Bar [Old Antivari], Montenegro (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1912). Grothe1912.097: View of Stari Bar [Old Antivari], Montenegro, seen from the southwest (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1912). Grothe1912.104: Montenegrin women on their way to the front, at the Medjurec creek on the road between Bar and Shkodra (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1912). Grothe1912.106: Montenegrin fighters of the Tarabosh Army (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1912). Grothe1912.108: Lugging at cannon to the Tarabosh Army in Montenegro (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1912). Grothe1912.110: Headquarters of Montenegrin General Martinović at Muriqan. In the hills are Montenegrin artillery positions firing on Mount Tarabosh (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1912). Grothe1912.112: Lake Shkodra. View from Virpazar of the western side of the Tarabosh range (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1912). Grothe1912.114: Ammunition storage on the plain of Bar in Montenegro (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1912). Grothe1912.116: Orthodox burial of a wounded Montenegrin fighter (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1912). Grothe1912.121: Montenegrin couple from the western karst region (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1912). Grothe1912.122: Muslim women at a bakery in Ulqin/Ulcinj [Dulcigno], now in Montenegro (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1912). Grothe1912.124: Port road and mosque in the harbour of Ulqin/Ulcinj [Dulcigno], now in Montenegro (Photo: Hugo Grothe, 1912). simple jquery lightboxby VisualLightBox.com v5.9

Dr Hugo Grothe was the author of numerous books inspired by his travels through the Ottoman Empire and the Middle East, in particular works on Tripolitania, Turkey, Romania, Persia, and later on German ethnic communities abroad. Of Albanian and Balkan interest is his book Durch Albanien und Montenegro: zeitgemäße Betrachtungen zur Völkerkunde, Politik und Wirtschaftswelt der westlichen Balkanhalbinsel (Through Albania and Montenegro: Contemporary Observations on the Ethnology, Politics and Economics of the Western Balkan Peninsula), Munich 1913. This book focuses on two journeys. The first trip in the autumn of 1902 took him from Monastir (Bitola) to Ohrid, Elbasan and Durrës. The second journey, which took place ten years later, in the autumn of 1912, took him from Bosnia through Montenegro (Podgorica, Bar, Ulqin/Ulcinj) to the Albanian border. On this trip, Grothe was caught up in the First Balkan War and was not able to proceed any further because of the Montenegrin military assault on Shkodra. The work nonetheless also contains photos of northern Albania and Kosovo. It is from this volume that the present photo collection is taken.

 

Die Fotosammlung des Hugo Grothe
English | Shqip

Albanien, Montenegro und Mazedonien
um 1902 – 1912

Der Wissenschaftler, Geograph, Orientalist und Reiseschriftsteller, Albert Louis Hugo Grothe (1869-1954), kam in Magdeburg zur Welt und verbrachte einen Teil seiner Kindheit auf dem Balkan. Nach einem Studium an sechs Universitäten promovierte er zum Dr. jur. in Rostock und dann im Jahre 1902 in den Fächern Geographie und Völkerkunde zum Dr. phil. in Würzburg. Der Vater von Hugo Grothe war Bankfachmann, der am Bau der Bagdad-Bahn beteiligt war. Vielleicht aus diesem Grund verbrachte er die Jahre 1896-1912 zum guten Teil im Osmanischen Reich und in der islamischen Welt, insbesondere aus Auslandskorrespondent der Kölnischen Zeitung. 1916 erfolgte seine Habilitation für Geographie an der Technischen Hochschule von Stuttgart. Hugo Grothe war an der Schaffung verschiedener Kultureinrichtungen maßgeblich beteiligt, etwa in München 1900 an der Orientalischen Gesellschaft, im November 1918 an der Deutschen Kulturpolitischen Gesellschaft mit ihrem Institut für Auslandskunde und Auslandsdeutschtum, und drei Jahrzehnte später 1948 am Institut für Auslandskunde und Kulturwissenschaft in Starnberg, wo er starb.

Dr. Hugo Grothe war Verfasser zahlreicher Bücher, die seine ausgedehnte Reisen im Osmanischen Reich und in der islamischen Welt widerspiegeln. Besonders zu erwähnen sind Bücher über Tripolitanien, die Türkei, Rumänien, Persien und über deutsche Minderheiten im Ausland. Von albanischem bzw. Balkaninteresse ist sein Buch: Durch Albanien und Montenegro: zeitgemäße Betrachtungen zur Völkerkunde, Politik und Wirtschaftswelt der westlichen Balkanhalbinsel, München 1913. In diesem Band geht es um zwei Balkanreisen. Die erste Reise, die ihn von (Bitola) nach Ohrid, Elbasan und Durrës führte, fand im Herbst des Jahres 1902, statt.  Die zweite Reise im Herbst 1912 brachte ihn von Bosnien durch Montenegro (Podgorica, Bar, Ulqin/Ulcinj) an die albanische Grenze. Wegen des montenegrinischen Angriffs auf Shkodra während des Ersten Balkankrieges musste Grothe auf eine Weiterreise nach Albanien verzichten. In dem Buch sind allerdings Fotoaufnahmen von Nordalbanien und Kosovo vorhanden. Die hier vorgestellte Fotosammlung des Hugo Grothe stammt aus diesem Band.

 

Koleksioni fotografik i Hugo Grotës (Hugo Grothe)
English | Deutsch

Shqipëria, Mali i Zi dhe Maqedonia
rreth viteve 1902 – 1912

Shkencëtari, gjeografi, orientalisti dhe shkrimtari gjerman, Albert Lui Hugo Grote (Albert Louis Hugo Grothe, 1869-1954), lindi në Magdeburg dhe kaloi një pjesë të rinisë në Ballkan. Pas studimeve në gjashtë universitete mbaroi një doktoraturë në drejtësi (dr. iur.) në Rostok dhe një doktoraturë tjetër në gjeografi dhe etnologji (dr. phil) në Vyrcburg në vitin 1902. I ati i Hugo Grotës ishte financier i cili kontribuoi në ndërtimin e hekurudhës së Bagdadit, dhe mbase për këtë arsye gjatë periudhës 1896-1916, Hugoja kaloi shumë kohë duke udhëtuar në Perandorinë Osmane dhe në botën islame, në veçanti si korrespondent i gazetës së Këlnit (Kölnische Zeitung). Në vitin 1900 Grote themeloi Shoqatën Lindore (Orientalische Gesellschaft) në Mynih, dhe mori pjesë në krijimin e disa shoqatave kulturore të tjera, si për shembull Shoqata Kulturore Gjermane (Deutsche Kulturpolitische Gesellschaft) dhe Instituti për Studime të Jashtme dhe për Gjermanë Jashtë Shtetit (Institut für Auslandskunde und Auslandsdeutschtum) të themeluar në nëntor 1918 si dhe, tridhjetë vjet më vonë në vitin 1948, Instituti për Studime të Jashtme dhe të Kulturës (Institut für Auslandskunde und Kulturwissenschaft) në Shtarnberg, ku vdiq.

Dr Hugo Grote ishte autor i librave të shumtë mbi udhëtimet e tij në Perandorinë Osmane dhe në Lindjen e Mesme, në veçanti botime për Tripolitaninë, Turqinë, Rumaninë, Persinë dhe, më vonë, për ngulime gjermane jashtë Gjermanisë. Me interes për Shqipërinë dhe për Ballkanin është libri i tij Durch Albanien und Montenegro: zeitgemäße Betrachtungen zur Völkerkunde, Politik und Wirtschaftswelt der westlichen Balkanhalbinsel (Nëpër Shqipëri dhe Malin e Zi: vëzhgime bashkëkohore mbi etnologjinë, politikën dhe ekonominë e pjesës perëndimore të Gadishullit Ballkanik), Mynih 1913. Ky libër përqendrohet mbi dy udhëtime. Udhëtimi i parë në vjeshtë të vitit 1902 e çoi nga Manastiri për në Ohër, Elbasan dhe Durrës. Udhëtimi i dytë dhjetë vjet më vonë, në vjeshtë të vitit 1912, e çoi nga Sarajeva nëpër Malin e Zi (Podgoricë, Tivar, Ulqin) për në kufirin e Shqipërisë. Për shkak të Luftës së Parë Ballkanike dhe në veçanti për shkak të sulmit ushtarak malazez që po zhvillohej kundër Shkodrës, Grote ishte i detyruar të pezullonte udhëtimin në Ulqin. Gjithsesi, libri përmban edhe fotografi të Shqipërisë së Veriut dhe të Kosovës. Nga ky libër është marrë ky koleksion fotografish.

 

 

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